Cap. 12

Culinary English

knife techniques · cooking methods · brigade roles · menu terminology

Welcome to Culinary English

Professional kitchen vocabulary is essential for chefs and kitchen staff. This module covers the language used in fine dining, restaurant kitchens, and culinary training. You will learn: knife techniques, cooking methods, kitchen brigade roles, and menu terminology.

Knife Techniques

Essential cutting and preparation skills

brunoise (broonwaz)
very small, uniform cubes (1mm × 1mm)
chiffonade (shif-uh-nahd)
thin ribbons of leafy vegetables, especially herbs
julienne (joo-lee-en)
thin, matchstick-sized strips (2mm × 2mm × 5cm)
mince
to cut very finely into small pieces; also called "fine dice"
tournée (tour-nay)
decorative 7-sided barrel cut, typically 5cm long

Cooking Methods

Dry heat, moist heat, and combination techniques

sauté (soh-tay)
to cook quickly in a small amount of fat over high heat, stirring frequently
braise
to brown meat in fat, then cook slowly in liquid in a covered pot
poach
to cook gently in simmering liquid, ideal for eggs and fish
mise en place (meez ahn plas)
"everything in its place" — prep and arrange all ingredients before cooking
blanch
to briefly boil vegetables, then plunge into ice water to stop cooking

Kitchen Brigade Roles

Classic French kitchen hierarchy

executive chef / head chef
overall leader of the kitchen; plans menus, orders ingredients, manages team
sous chef (soo-chef)
second-in-command; coordinates kitchen operations and oversees stations
station chef / chef de partie
skilled cook responsible for one specific station (sauces, meat, fish, etc.)
commis chef
apprentice or junior cook; works under supervision of a station chef
pastry chef
specializes in desserts, breads, and pastries

Menu Terminology

Describing dishes, preparation, and presentation

garnish
decorative food element added to a dish; also as a verb, to decorate
plating
the arrangement and presentation of food on a plate
reduction
a sauce made by boiling liquid to concentrate its flavour
consommé (kon-so-may)
a clear, refined broth made from stock and clarified with meat
en croûte (ohn kroo)
baked in a pastry crust or wrapped in pastry

Errores comunes

Errores típicos de hispanohablantes

❌ "I sauté the vegetables slow."
✓ "I sauté the vegetables quickly."
Sauté requires high heat and speed. It's a quick cooking method.
❌ "The mise en place is organized."
✓ "The mise en place is ready" / "I prepared the mise en place."
Mise en place is a French phrase meaning "everything in its place"; it's a noun or a process.
❌ "The plating is very good tasted."
✓ "The plating is elegant" / "The dish tastes excellent."
Plating refers to presentation, not taste. Use "tastes" for flavour.
❌ "The sauce is a reduction very thick."
✓ "The sauce is a thick reduction" / "The sauce is reduced and thick."
Word order: adjective before noun. "Reduction" is the noun; "thick" modifies it.

Resumen

Knife Cuts
brunoise, chiffonade, julienne, mince, tournée
Cooking
sauté, braise, poach, blanch, mise en place
Brigade
executive chef, sous chef, station chef, commis, pastry chef
Menu Terms
garnish, plating, reduction, consommé, en croûte
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